Salar de Uyuni, World's Largest Salt Flat

Salar de Uyuni also known as Salar de Tunupa is the world's largest salt flat. It measures 10,582 square kilometers and is located in the Potosí and Oruro departments in southwest Bolivia, near the crest of the Andes. It is 11,995 ft above the mean sea level.

As see from space. (Source)

Incahuasi island in the center of Salar de Uyuni. (Source)

Dried Surface. (Source)

The Salar was formed as a result of transformations between several prehistoric lakes. The area was part of a giant prehistoric lake called Lake Minchin some 30,000–42,000 years ago. It is covered by a few meters of salt crust, which has an extraordinary flatness with the average altitude variations within one meter over the entire area of the Salar. The crust serves as a source of salt and covers a pool of brine, which is exceptionally rich in lithium. It contains 50% to 70% of the world's lithium reserves and is yet to be extracted.

The salt is the Salar is being mined and the salt block is also use to make construction materials like walls for hotels.

Salt production. (Source)

Salt building. (Source)

Salt building. (Source)

When covered with water, the Salar becomes one of the largest mirrors on Earth.

Reflection. (Source)

Sunset reflection. (Source)

One major tourist attraction is an antique train cemetery which is 3 kilometers outside Uyuni and is connected to it by the old train tracks. The town served in the past as a distribution hub for the trains carrying minerals enroute to Pacific Ocean ports. The rail lines were built by British engineers arriving near the end of the 19th century and formed a sizeable community in Uyuni.

The train cemetery. (Source)

Piles of salt. (Source)

Despite having salt everywhere, has a variety of plants and animals.

Llamas roaming the Salar. (Source)

Giant cactus. (Source)

The large area, clear skies and exceptional surface flatness make the Salar an ideal object for calibrating the altimeters of the Earth observation satellites. The Salar also serves as the major transport route across the Bolivian Altiplano and is a major breeding ground for several species of pink flamingos.

Pink Adean flamingos. (Source)

Pink Adean flamingos. (Source)

Lake Titicaca, World's Highest Commercially Navigable Lake

Lake Titicaca is a lake located on the border of Peru and Bolivia. At 12,500 ft above sea level, it is the highest commercially navigable lake in the world. It is also the largest lake in South America.

Lake Titicaca is fed by rainfall and meltwater from glaciers on the sierras that lie adjacent the Altiplano. The five major river systems, Ramis, Coata, Ilave, Huancané, and Suchez and 20 other smaller streams, also fed the lake.

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

A view from space show the lake and glaciers on the sierras that feeds it.

(Source)

Lake Titicaca has 41 islands, some of which are densely populated. It is notable for a population of people who live on the Uros - a group of 42 or so artificial islands made of floating reeds called totora (a reed that abounds in the shallows of the lake). These islands have become a major tourist attraction for Peru, drawing excursions from the lakeside city of Puno. Their original purpose was defensive, and they could be moved if a threat arose. Many of the islands contain watchtowers largely constructed of reeds.

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

(Source)

The Bolivian Naval Force uses the lake to carry out naval exercises, maintaining an active navy despite being a landlocked country.

(Source)

Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park

Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the Bố Trạch and Minh Hóa districts of central Quang Binh Province, in north-central Vietnam. The national park zone covers 857.54 km2 and a buffer zone of 1,954 km2. It was created to protect one of the world's two largest karst regions with 300 caves and grottoes and also protects the ecosystem of limestone forest of the Annamite Range region in north central coast of Vietnam.

Rice paddies and lime mountains, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

The Phong Nha-Ke Bang area is noted for its cave and grotto systems. It is composed of 300 caves and grottos with a total length of about 70 km, of which only 20 have been surveyed by Vietnamese and British scientists - 17 of these are in located in the Phong Nha area and three in the Ke Bang area. After April 2009, total length of caves and grottoes are 126 km.

Inside Phong Nha Cave, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Before discovery of Son Doong Cave in April 2009, Phong Nha held several world cave records, as it has the longest underground river, as well as the largest caverns and passageways. Son Doong Cave is the world's largest cave Son Doong Cave, was discovered by a team of British cave explorers of British Caving Association.

The park contains many fascinating rock formations, and Ke Bang forest. The plateau on which the park is situated is probably one of the finest and most distinctive examples of a complex karst landform in Southeast Asia.

Mouth of underground river, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Inside of underground river, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Son river, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Rice plantation, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Son River, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Mouth of underground river, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Mouth of underground river, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Inside Tien son cave, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Inside Phong Nha cave, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Inside Phong Nha cave, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Boat of tourists, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Stalagmite inside Phong Nha cave, Phong Nha - Ke Bang National park. (Source)

Fansipan Mountain

Fansipan, also known as Fan Si Pan or in Phan Xi Pang in Vietnamese, is a mountain in Vietnam. At 10,312 ft, it is the highest mountain in Indochina. It is located in the Lào Cai province in Northwest Vietnam, 9 km southwest of Sa Pa Township in the Hoang Lien Son Mountain Range.

Due to it's high elevation, Fansipan is dubbed "the Roof of Indochina". With about 2,024 floral varieties and 327 faunal species, it is to be approved as one of the very few ecotourist spots of Vietnam.

The topography of Fansipan is varied. Muong Hoa Valley, at the lowest altitude at 950 to 1 000m, is created by a narrow strip of land at the base on the east side of the mountain. It can be climbed in a steep and fairly strenuous hike. Many tour companies in the area offers arrange hikes to the summit taking from one to three days.

Fansipan Peak marker. (Source)

Sunset at Fansipan Peak. (Source)

Looking down from Fansipan Peak. (Source)

Climbers at Fansipan mountain trail. (Source)

Fansipan mountain trail. (Source)

Clouds at Fansipan Peak. (Source)

Clear sky at Fansipan Peak. (Source)

A mountain climber pose for the priceless reward at Fansipan Peak. (Source)

Red Sea Reef

The Red Sea is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. It is connected to the ocean through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. In the north, there is the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez- leading to the Suez Canal.

The Red Sea is a rich and diverse ecosystem. It stretches over 1,240 miles along the coast of Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea. It has more than 1,100 species of fish - this includes 42 species of deepwater fish - and nearly 10% of these are exclusive to this region and cannot be found anywhere in the world. The rich diversity of species found here is due to the 2,000 km of coral reef extending along its coastline. These fringing reefs are 5000–7000 years old and are largely formed of stony acropora and porites corals. The reef features include abundant aquatic life, platforms, lagoons, and cylinders. It was recognized by the Egyptian government, who set up the Ras Mohammed National Park in 1983.

Map of Red Sea. (Source)

Fishes at Red Sea reef. (Source)

Red Sea reef can be seen even in shallow water. (Source)

Fishes in Red Sea reef. (Source)

Fishes in Red Sea reef. (Source)

Fishes in Red Sea reef. (Source)

Fishes in Red Sea reef. (Source)

Corals and Fishes in Red Sea reef. (Source)

Corals in Red Sea reef(Source)

Clownfish in a red anemone. (Source)